The Military Records of Michigan by the D.A.R., 1920 (link)

The Military Records of Michigan (source)

The Military Records of Michigan
D.A.R., 1920
https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071548740;view=2up;seq=4

A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion (link to Michigan Cavalry)

A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion
by Frederick H. Dyer
Second Michigan Cavalry, page 1269
Michigan Volunteers: Second Regiment Cavalry
http://bit.ly/Archive-CW-Compendium-Mich2ndCav-pg1269

Digitizing Sponsor: Emory University.
Location: Archive.org
Des Moines: The Dyer Publishing Company, 1908

Blue Springs, Bradley County, Tennessee (near Cleveland); not the same as the one in Greene County.

Blue Springs, Tennessee - 1863 Map and Discussion

"One division (Stanley's), Fourth Corps, is stationed at Blue Springs (5 miles in advance of Cleveland, on the railroad between that place and Dalton) and at Ooltewah."

Quoted from:Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, In Three Parts. Part 3, Correspondence, etc., 90. https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/99/

In the Spring of 1864, some brigades of General Oliver O. Howard's Fourth Army Corps were stationed at Blue Springs, Tennessee, and some, at nearby Cleveland, Tennessee.
Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3, 551.
https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/560/

RELATED BLOG POST: FOURTH ARMY CORPS: OLIVER O. HOWARD...CLEVELAND AND BLUE SPRINGS

Identifying Blue Springs, Tennessee (the 1864 camp)

Blue Springs does not appear on many maps and should not be confused with Blue Springs, Tennessee, near Mosheim in Greene County, Tennessee, where a battle occurred. This Blue Springs may not have been a town, but just a "watering place" ~ a mineral spring and resort area, where people came to enjoy the mountain water. However, the Federals do sometimes refer to it as "Blue Springs, Tennessee," as one would designate a town.

Library of Congress has a hand-drawn map of Cleveland, Tennessee, in 1863 (below), but it doesn't show Blue Springs. Blue Springs was in the area near where the mapmaker has drawn the mileage scale, but probably was far enough south of there (near the state line) to make it outside the range of this map. To help locate Blue Springs in proximity to Cleveland, Tennessee, I've used two post-war maps of the Bradley County, Tennessee, area, that actually show "Blue Springs" (one, as a railroad stop). Then, I've taken a screenshot from the modern satellite view in Google Maps.

Information Map: Southeastern Tennessee (detail), 1863,
Courtesy of Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division.

Blue Springs is not shown on the Information Map, above, but should (I think) be at the very bottom, near the center of the map, about where the mileage scale is shown. Below are two post-war maps, showing Blue Springs below Cleveland, not too far north of the Tennessee-Georgia state line, though the maps are very general.

1882 Rand McNally Railroad Map (detail, Cleveland, Tenn. area),

Courtesy of Library of Congress Geography and Map Division.

Rand Mcnally, 1888 New Enlarged Railroad Map,
detail of Bradley County, Tennessee, from Library of
Congress, Geography and Map Division.

The 1888 Tennessee map (detail, above) gives some place names, such as Ooltewah, Benton, and Conasauga, that can be compared to the grayish-white 1863 Information Map of Southeastern Tennessee, and also to the Google Earth map, below.

Google Map, above: Probable location of Blue Springs, marked with a pointer.

If the Blue Springs area was named for a spring, it may have even been named for the incredibly beautiful blue, sacred Council Spring on the park grounds, though there are other springs in the area.

RELATED BLOG POST: FOURTH ARMY CORPS: OLIVER O. HOWARD...CLEVELAND AND BLUE SPRINGS
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Citation for 1863 Southeastern Tennessee Map:

United States Army. Department Of The Cumberland. Topographical Engineers. [Information map: Southeastern Tennessee] (detail of map, cropped). [Chattanooga: Topographical Engineer Office, Head qrs., Army of the Cumberland, 1863] Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2006635115/. (Accessed August 22, 2016.)

Citation for Rand McNally [1882] Virginia, Tennessee, and Georgia Air Line...
Rand Mcnally And Company, and Tennessee Virginia. The Virginia, Tennessee, and Georgia Air Line; the Shenandoah Valley R.R.; Norfolk & Western R.R.; East Tennessee, Virginia, & Georgia R.R. its leased lines, and their connections. Chicago, 1882. Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/98688846/. (Accessed August 22, 2016.)

Citation for Rand McNally 1888 Railroad Map:
Rand McNally And Company. New enlarged scale railroad and county map of Tennessee showing every railroad station and post office in the state, 1888. Chicago, 1888, 1888. Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/98688560/. (Accessed August 22, 2016.)

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS MAPS

Use their search tool to search by date, map title, etc.

Fourth Army Corps: Oliver O. Howard, Commanding. HQ at Cleveland and Blue Springs, Tennessee, April 30, 1864.

Organization of Oliver O. Howard's Fourth Army Corps, April 30, 1864 (as one of the corps in the Department of the Cumberland, under Major-General George H. Thomas).

After the Battles of Chattanooga in November 1863, Union troops came into the mountains around East Tennessee. Colonel Eli Long and various divisions had set up camp in Charleston and Calhoun, Tennessee, in December 1863, later moving down to Cleveland. According to Myra Inman (from her published diary), O.O. Howard's troops were camped near Cleveland on December 13, 1863.

(William R. Snell, ed., Myra Inman: A Diary of the Civil War in East Tennessee, (1859-1866), (Macon: Mercer University Press, 2000), 234.

These next references are later, in the spring of 1864. In Official Records, it shows that some of the brigades were headquartered at Cleveland, Tennessee, and some were headquartered at nearby Blue Springs, Tennessee. This is not the same Blue Springs, Tennessee, that is in Greene County (now called Mosheim). This area was a community near Cleveland, Tennessee, known as a mineral spring or watering place. It is identified in O.R. as being between Cleveland, Tennessee, and Dalton, Georgia:

"One division (Stanley's), Fourth Corps, is stationed at Blue Springs (5 miles in advance of Cleveland, on the railroad between that place and Dalton) and at Ooltewah."

Quoted from:
Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, In Three Parts. Part 3, Correspondence, etc., 90. https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/99/

FOURTH ARMY CORPS: OLIVER O. HOWARD
Headquartered at Cleveland, Tennessee, and nearby Blue Springs, Tennessee.
Partial extract of: Official Records, Ser. 1, Vol. 32, Pt. 3, 551.

FIRST DIVISION, COMMANDED BY DAVID S. STANLEY
Headquartered at Cleveland and Blue Springs, Tennessee.

First Brigade (Cleveland, Tennessee), commanded by Brigadier General Charles Cruft.

Second Brigade (Blue Springs, Tennessee), commanded by Walter C. Whitaker.

Third Brigade (Blue Springs, Tennessee), commanded by William Grose.

Artillery (Blue Springs, Tennessee), commanded by Captain Peter Simonson.


SECOND DIVISION, COMMANDED BY JOHN NEWTON
Headquartered at Cleveland, Tennessee.

First Brigade (Cleveland, Tennessee), commanded by Col. Francis T. Sherman.

Second Brigade (Cleveland, Tennessee), commanded by Gen. George D. Wagner.
 
The above divisions consist of various regiments from Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Missouri, a few of which are on furlough or just returned from furlough. These are listed specifically under the division headings. Refer to source for complete listing.

O.R., Ser. 1, Vol. 32, Pt. 3, 551.

Source Citation:

Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3 (Correspondence, etc.), 551.

The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 32, In Three Parts. Part 3, Correspondence, etc. 

In 1864, The Fourth Army Corps (Oliver O. Howard, commanding) is under General George H. Thomas in the Department of the Cumberland.

Citation for 1863 Southeastern Tennessee Information Map:

United States Army. Department Of The Cumberland. Topographical Engineers. [Information map: Southeastern Tennessee]. [Chattanooga: Topographical Engineer Office, Head qrs., Army of the Cumberland, 1863] Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2006635115/. (Accessed August 22, 2016.)

The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 32, In Three Parts. Part 3, Correspondence, etc.

Sherman Gives Control of Army to Thomas. Wants Furloughed Vets to Return, April 1864

Sherman Gives Control of Army to Thomas. Wants Furloughed Vets to Return

Sherman Gives Control of Army to Thomas
Hdqrs. Military Division of the Mississippi, Nashville, April 6, 1864.

Sherman to Thomas (Comdg. Department of the Cumberland, Chattanooga):

 (Army will) "retain control over our furloughed veterans."
"I have ordered, through the State authorities, all absentees to come forward at once, or at furthest at the expiration of their furloughs. I have also sent forward to General Schofield a division of 5,000 infantry (Hovey's), which once at or near Hiwassee will enable you to draw below that river all of the Fourth Corps heretofore detached. These changes simply give you the absolute control of the Army of the Cumberland proper, in a shape that will enable you to handle and control it perfectly."

Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3 (Correspondence, etc.), 271-272.
https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/280/

________________________________________

Men Protest Suspension of Furlough; Offer to Reenlist if Furloughed.

Men protest the army's plan to retain control over furloughed veterans (not allowing reenlisting veterans to furlough). Men say they will reenlist if they can get the furlough.

Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3, 60.
https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/69/?q=furlough________________________________________

RELATED: FURLOUGH, STATE OF CAVALRY; OTHER CORRESPONDENCE

Condition of Cavalry, Furloughs, and Horse Problems
Grierson to Thomas, April 18, 1864.
Eight regiments under Grierson's command have furloughed. Suggestion for setting price for northern horses and impressing horses if citizens won't accept the price. Mount all men in unit or else dismount and train them as infantry.

Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3, 406-407.
https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/415/


The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 32, In Three Parts. Part 3, Correspondence, etc.

____________________________________

Special Field Orders 93, HQ, Dept. of the Cumberland, April 2, 1864 - Organization of the Cavalry. Ed McCook - partial list, link to full

Reorganization, Army of the Cumberland by General Thomas
April 1, 1864 (communicated April 2, 1864).

Special Field Orders 93
Headquarters, Department of the Cumberland, Chattanooga, April 2, 1864

VIII. The following is announced as the organization of the cavalry of this department, to take effect April 1, 1864:
    First Division, Col. Edward M. McCook, commanding:
    First Brigade: Second Michigan Cavalry, First Tennessee Cavalry, Eighth Iowa Cavalry.
 
    [etc., others are named]

(By order of Gen. George H. Thomas, through staff)

Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3 (Correspondence, etc.), 238.
https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/247/

Edward M. McCook: Nomination to Brigadier, April 1864

Edward M. McCook's nomination to brigadier had come from the War Department in April. Reference: 2 April 1864, Letter from Edwin M. Stanton, War Department, Washington, to Maj.-Gen. Sherman. 

"General Grant's return is expected to-morrow. Colonel Hatch, of Iowa, and Colonel Edward M. McCook, are nominated for brigadiers."

Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3 (Correspondence, etc.), 220.

https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth152650/m1/229/

Placement of Troops, East Tennessee and North Georgia, Spring 1864.

Placement of Troops, East Tennessee and North Georgia, Spring, 1864.

Official Records, Series 1, Volume 32, Part 3 (Correspondence, etc.), 89-90 (Thomas to Sherman).

[Report of]:

Geo. H. Thomas, Major-General, U.S. Volunteers, Commanding.
Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, Chattanooga, Tenn., March 18, 1864

[To]: Maj. Gen. W. T. Sherman, Comdg. Mil. Div. of the Mississippi, Nashville, Tenn.:

[Report contains placements of his troops including these few following, selected, related to my own project]:

LINK TO PAGE 90

Quotes (all on page 90; not necessarily in order--pulled out of paragraphs):

"The Eleventh Corps (Howard's) on the railroad, between Bridgeport and this place."

"Two divisions of the Fourth Corps, under Gordon Granger, and the Tennessee brigade of infantry, are on detached service with the Army of the Ohio in East Tennessee."

"One division (Stanley's) Fourth Corps, is stationed at Blue Springs (5 miles in advance of Cleveland, on the railroad between that place and Dalton) and at Ooltewah."

"The troops occupy strong positions, and are favorably placed to guard the railroad to East Tennessee and the Charleston railroad, so far as occupied."________

Other towns and troops are mentioned. Towns include Ringgold, Graysville, and La Fayette.

He mentions intelligence from Dalton, Rome, Kingston, Resaca, and Etowah Bridge.

Correspondence: J.H. Wilson, Chief of Cavalry Bureau, USA, to E.M. Stanton, Secretary of War, 1864

Correspondence: James H. Wilson, Chief of the Cavalry Bureau, Washington, to Edwin M. Stanton, 4 April 1864.
http://bit.ly/OR_1-32-3-JH-Wilson-to-EM-Stanton-1864

On April 4, 1864, J.H. Wilson, Chief of the Cavalry Bureau [since Feb. 1864] writes to E.M. Stanton, Secretary of War, discussing details and assignments of the mounted cavalry of the Department of the Cumberland (28 regiments cavalry; 7 regiments mounted infantry). He directs that certain regiments of several brigades "be mounted and equipped and returned to duty before any more new regiments are supplied" (255).

Regiments to be equipped:

FIRST DIVISION

First Brigade:
(1) Second Michigan Cavalry
(2) Ninth Pennsylvania Cavalry

Second Brigade:
(1) Second Indiana Cavalry
(2) Fourth Indiana Cavalry
(3) First Wisconsin Cavalry

Third Brigade:
(1) Seventh Kentucky Cavalry
(2) First Tennessee Cavalry

SECOND DIVISION

First Brigade:
(1) Seventh Pennsylvania Cavalry
(2) Fourth Michigan Cavalry
(3) Fourth U.S. Cavalry
(4) Fifth Iowa Cavalry
(5) Third Indiana Cavalry

Second Brigade:
(1) First Ohio Cavalry
(2) Third Ohio Cavalry
(3) Fourth Ohio Cavalry
(4) Tenth Ohio Cavalry
(5) Second Kentucky Cavalry

Third Brigade:
(1) Seventeenth Indiana Mounted Infantry
(2) Seventy-Second Indiana Mounted Infantry
(3) Ninety-Second Illinois Mounted Infantry
(4) One Hundred and Twenty-Third Illinois Mounted Infantry
(5) Third Kentucky Cavalry
(6) Eighth Iowa Cavalry

"The Second Michigan, Ninth Pennsylvania, Second Indiana, and First Wisconsin have all signified their willingness to re-enlist if they can be furloughed, but at present they cannot be spared from duty" (256).

Knoxville and Strawberry Plains: "...the cavalry was almost entirely used up, the horses almost starved to death..." (256).
6,000 - 9,000 horses required.
Arms: Spencer or Sharps carbine.

Special note concerning poor organization of certain Tennessee regiments; new order will override plans of Governor [Andrew] Johnson [Military Gov. of Tenn., 1862-1865] who was in process of requesting that these inferior regiments be equipped. [Later in the doc., and explanation appears to be that new Tennessee units are forming, but will be untrained, inferior to veterans]. Regarding Tennessee cavalry:

"Regarding the efficiency of these Tennessee regiments there is but one opinion. With the exception of the First Tennessee, they are all worthless" (256).

(In March): Cavalry, Dept. of the Ohio, concentrated at Louisville, Kentucky.

Plans for direct communication between generals commanding the Cavalry Bureau is submitted (duties of officers, recuperation of horses, rations, surplus stores, arms, return of horses from citizens, discourage use of mounted infantry, etcetera). [See text].

Criticism of Colonel Wolford (under General Schofield).

Official Records, Series 1, Vol. 32, Pt. 3, Chp. 44 (Correspondence, Etc.--Union) [Washington: Government Printing Office, 1891], 255-258 [Wilson to Stanton: Washington, 4 April 1864].

Short URL: http://bit.ly/OR_1-32-3-JH-Wilson-to-EM-Stanton-1864

Full Citation (general info, for series).

Subjects: Cavalry, Condition of Cavalry, Starvation, Army of the Cumberland, Organization of Army

Sherman to Thomas (Correspondence, April 1864) Organization of Army. Furloughed Veterans Recalled.

Correspondence of William T. Sherman to George H. Thomas, April 1864: Organization of the Army of the Cumberland, with Discussions of Cavalry (Furloughed Veterans Recalled) and Corps (Plans for Placement of Three Wings, Cleveland, Chattanooga, and Stevenson):

On April 6, 1864, Major-General William T. Sherman writes from Headquarters, Military Division of the Mississippi, to Maj. Gen. Geo. H. Thomas, Comdg. Department of the Cumberland, Chattanooga, advising him of changes in Thomas's command. Furloughed veterans are retained. Hovey's Division of 5,000 infantry will move to the Hiwassee River, relieving the previously detached Fourth Corps. Thomas will have complete control of the army. His left will be Cleveland [Tennessee], his Center will be Chattanooga, and his right will be Stevenson [Alabama]. He discusses communication routes (Nashville to Columbia [Tenn.]). Reserve mounted-cavalry positions for the best men.

Official Records, Series 1, Vol. 32, Pt. 3 (Correspondence, Etc.--Union), Chp. 44, 271-272 (Sherman to Thomas, Nashville, 6 April 1864).

http://bit.ly/OR_1-32-3-Sherman-to-Thomas-1864-army-organization

Major General James Scott Negley, by Major Keith A. Barclay (thesis, link)

 Major General James Scott Negley and His Division at Chickamauga: A Historical Analysis
(PDF, 136 pages)

Major Keith A. Barclay
U.S. Army Command and General Staff College
B.A., Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Pennsylvania, 1989


[THESIS: 136-PAGE PDF DOWNLOADS AUTOMATICALLY WHEN YOU CLICK ON LINK. ]
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA395223

Thesis Subjects: General James Scott Negley, The Chickamauga Campaign

20th Corps (XX Corps), Alexander M. McCook, source (link)

20th Corps (McCook's)
The Civil War Archive, Union Corps Histories, "20th Corps (McCook's)." 

[citing "Regimental Losses in the American Civil War (1861-1865)" - William Fox] [The Civil War Archive 1998-2000; page updated 04 Aug. 2001] 
http://web.archive.org/web/20050318195432/
http://www.civilwararchive.com:80/CORPS/20thmcc.htm

Link to source: Alex M. McCook, XX Corp (Twentieth Corps), Union Army

Summary, Biography, History, Fact Check, Army Organization

Role of Union Cavalry in the Atlanta Campaign, The: Robert Blake Leach (link)

The Role of Union Cavalry in the Atlanta Campaign
Major Robert Blake Leach 
Master's Thesis, University of Kentucky, 1980; pub. Ft. Leavenworth, 1994.
http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a284554.pdf

I go back to this thesis quite often and have used it as a source. It is a helpful summary and is easy to read (clear, well written). Among other things, it makes a significant point about technological advances during the Civil War, which began to impact the traditional role of cavalry.

Chickamauga: The Battles for Chickamauga, High Command Politics (Link)

The Battles for Chickamauga, High Command Politics, National Park Service
contains a breakdown of the corps of the Union Army and Army of the Cumberland;
Five elements: Crittenden XXI Corps; Thomas's XIV Corps, Alex McCook's XX Corps (Union Army); David S. Stanley's Cavalry Corps (Army of the Cumberland); and Gordon Granger's Reserve Corps. https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/civil_war_series/10/sec2.htm

The National Park Service site (above) has a summary of events at Chickamauga, and I found it helpful in identifying the main commanders in the Army of the Cumberland. Many sites only mention the top three of Rosecrans' commanders: Thomas, McCook, and Crittenden; this one adds Stanley and Granger, which certainly helped me understand why my guys crossed the mountain at Stevenson, Alabama (with Stanley's Corps, not McCook's; or at least, if under McCook, more specifically in Stanley's Corps). And, by the way, this one doesn't mention Washington Lafayette Elliott, who relieved David S. Stanley when he fell ill in 1863. The following source actually gives the day for that fact, not just the month and year:

16 November 1863: General D. S. Stanley (Davis S. Stanley): "relieved from duty as chief of cavalry, Army of the Cumberland, and General W. L. Elliott placed in command."
Source: History of the First Regiment of Tennessee Volunteer Cavalry, by W. R. Carter, The Overmountain Press, 1992 (reprint), 108.
Short URL: http://bit.ly/Source_David-S-Stanley-relieved-of-duty-for-illness